Manufacture of brushes



April 20, 1943 GQN. JACOB, JR., Erm. 2,316,870

MANUFACTURE oF BRUSHES l Filed nec. 18. `1941 2 sheets-sheet 1 INVENTORS.' M r 444x Wyk, TTORNY April 20, 1943; G. N. JAcQB, JR., ETAL- 316,870

MANUFACTURE 0F BRUSHES Filed Dec. 18, 1941 2 Sheets-Shee't 2 BYd . mvENToRs:

Patented Apr. 20, 1943 MANUFACTURE F BRUSHES George N. Jacob, Jr., Belleville, and Ernest B. Wright, Jr., Montclair, N. J.

Application December 18, 1941, Serial No. 423,434

" 7 Claims.

This invention relates to the manufacture of brushes, particularly paint brushes of the type that comprise a back or frame having a recess or socket in which is a plastic or setting composition, such as vulcanized rubber, wherein the root or butt -ends of the bristles are embedded.

Brushes of this general character are shown in Patents No. 1,230,518-and No. 2,080,821, the backs or frames being formed of one piece of metal, generally aluminum, drawn or cast, and such backs or frames are preferred because they are strong, rigid and can be easily manufactured.

However, at the present time, due to scarcity of aluminum and certain other metals for civilian use, it has been necessary to provide other structures that can be made of other available metals, and without substantial increase in cost of production.

Bristles also are scarce and costly, and accordingly it is desirable to construct a brush so that the cost of the bristles shall be as low as possible consistent with a brush of good quality.

Therefore one object of our invention is to .provide a brush of the character described the back or frame of which can be made oi sheet metal, which shall be rigid, strong and durable, and which shall be relatively inexpensive.

Figure 2 is a transversesectional view taken onv the line 2-2 of Figure 1 with portions of the handle broken away.

Figure 3 is a detached plan view of the brush back or frame.

Figure 4 isa perspective view of the bottom plate for the socket of the brush back or frame.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the spacer. Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure '2 showing l0 a modincation of the invention.

Figure 7 is a top plan view of the bottom plate for the socket of the brush' frame shown in Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing another modiilcation of the invention, and

Figure 9 is a detached perspective view of the bottom plate for the brush back or frame shown in Figure 8.

Specifically describing the embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, the brush back or frame comprises a ferrule A that is made of a strip of sheet metal shaped into an- Another object is to provide such a brush wherein the back or frame shall comprise a ferrule made of a strip of metal shaped into annular form, and novel and improved means for forming a socket in said ferrule to receive and nnly hold the plastic composition.

A further lobject is to provide in a brush back or frame, a novel and improved construction-and combination of a ferrule and a plate extending transversely thereof intermediate the length of the ferrule so that said plate shall cooperate with the ferrule to form a socket for the plastic composition and to reenforce the walls of the ferrule so as to provide a rigid and strong construction.

Other objects are to provide a combination of such a brush back or frame and a spacer for bristles embodying novel and improved features of construction whereby the plastic composition, spacer and bristles shall be firmly held in said socket with a minimum portion yof the'bristles embedded in the plastic composition, whereby the cost of bristles shall be as low as possible.

Other objects, advantages and results of the invention will appear from the following description and the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through a brush constructed in accordance with the invention.

nular or tubular form with its ends riveted or otherwise secured together at l. The shape and dimensions of the ferrule may be modified as desired.

A plate 2 is arranged in the ferrule A intermediate the ends of the latter and rigidly secured to the walls of the ferrule so as to form a socket opening through one end of the ferrule. The bottom and side walls of the socket are formed respectively by the plate 2 and the walls of the ferrule. As shown, the plate 2 has flanges 3 that are disposed in abutting relation to the walls of the ferrule and are rigidly secured to said walls as by rivets ei. f

The plate has portions oi'set from the general plane of the plate, which in the present instance consist of ears 5 stamped up from the plate to form openings 6 and having portions l disposed in spaced and opposed relation to the general plane of the plate.

In assembling the bristles B in theframe or back A of the brush, a strip of paper or the like 8 is secured to the plate 2 at the side thereof opposite the ears 5 so as-to close the openings 6.

' Plastic material 9, for example, rubber, is poured into the socket in semi-duid condition.` The bristles BV are grouped together in a suitable frame, for example as shown inr Patent No. 2,080,821, and the butt ends are pressed into the socket and into the plastic material 9 therein. 'I'he plastic composition is then allowed to set or harden, and where the composition is rubber, it is vulcanized in the usual manner. If desired the butt ends of the bristles may be dipped in fluid plastic composition before they are pressed into the socket, but this is not necessary.

Preferably a spacer C is utilized for dividing the bristles into layers. This spacer may consist of a pieceof sheet metal stamped and bent into U-shaped cross section or channel form. This spacer initially. may be arranged within the bristles while the latter are held in the frame as above described, and then pressed with the bristles into the plastic composition l in the socket. If desired, the side ilanges'll of the spacer may have openings i2 through which the plastic composition may flow to provide a bond between the spacer and the plastic composition.l

Preferably the spacer also has tangs I3 at its ends that are inserted through certain of the openings 6 and the paper 8 and then clinched as at I4 upon the plate at the side thereof opposite the socket so as to firmly attach the spacer to the plate.

With this construction, it will be seen that the cars 5 will be embedded in the plastic composition so that the mass of plastic material will be firmly bonded to the plate 2 and positively secured in the socket o! the brush back. The plate 2 will reenforce the ferrule so as to rigidify it and restrain bending or ilexing of the walls of the ferrule during use `of the brush, and the bristles will be ilrmly held in the mass of plastic material. At the same time, the spacer will be securely bonded with the mass of plastic material and iirmly attached to the plate 2 by the clinched tangs i3. If desired, the walls ci the ferrule may be formed with grooves or ribs as indicated at I5 to provide further bonding of the plastic material with the Walls of the socket.

The structure is simple and relatively inexpensive, and due to the ilrm mounting of the bristles in the brush back, it is unnecessary to insert the bristles asfar into the socket as has :been required in prior art structures, so that the cost of the bristles may be the minimum consistent with a brush of good quality.

The ferrule may be attached to a handle D in the usual manner as by inserting the'handle into the end of the ferrule and connecting the parts by nails or other fastener members I6. The edges of the flanges 3 may conveniently serve as stops to be abutted by the end of the handle as the latter lis inserted into the ferrule, thereby to facilitate location of the handle in the ferrule.

In the modification of the invention shown in Figures 6 and 7, the bottomplate I1 of the socket is of the same general structure as the plate 2, the main difference being that the plate i1 has an undercutl or dove-tailed groove il instead of the ears 5 for providing an interlock or bond between the plate and the mass of plastic material. 'I'he spacer E may be in general similar to the spacer C, and the spacer E may or may soldered to the lferrule walls.

It will also be understood that the bottom plate may be rigidly connected to the ierrule in any other suitable manner to form a socket in 75 6-In abnishmiemile, aplate extending tramthe ierrule and to reenforce the walls oi' the ferrule.

e other modifications in Athe details of structure of the brush will occur to those skilled in the art as within the scope of the invention. y

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. In a brush, a tubular sheet metal ferrule, a separate sheet metal plate within and disposed transversely ci the ferrule intermediate the length o! the latter with its edges abutting the walls of the ierrule and formed with integral proiections, means including said projections rigidly securing said plate to said walls to i'orm a socket opening through one end oi the ierrule, said plate constituting the bottom wall oi said socket, a mass of plastic material in said socket, bristles having theirends embedded in said plastic material, said plate having integral portions odset from the general plane thereof extending inwardly of the socket and interlocking with said mass 1 of plastic material, and a handle secured in the other end of said ferrule i 2. In a brush, an annular ferrule, a plate ex.- tendlng transversely o! the ferrule intermediate the length oi' the latter to form a socket opening through one end of the ferrule, said plate constistituting the bottom wall oi said socket, means rigidly securing said plate to the walls of the ferrule, a mass o1' plastic. material in said socket, bristles having their ends embedded in said plastic material, and a spacer set in said plastic mateversely oi' said Ierrule intermediate the ends of the latter and forming a socket opening through one end of the ierrule, means rigidly securing said plate to the walls of the ierrule, a mass of plastic material in said socket, bristles having their ends embedded in said .plastic material, a spacer set in said .plastic material and dividing the bristles into rows, said plate having openings and said spacer having tangs passing through said openings and clinched lwon said plate. Y

5. In abrush, a ierrule, a plate extending transverselyv oi' said female intermediate the ends ot the latter and forming a socket opening through one end of the ierrule, means rigidly securing said plate tothe `walls of the ierrule, a mass oi' plastic material in said socket, bristles having their Jends embedded in said plastic material, a spacer set in said plastic material and dividing y the bristles into rows,"saicl p1atey having ears Vstruckup therefrom and forming openings in the plate, said ears projecting into the socket with portions in spaced opposed .relation to the general plane of said Plate and embedded in said plastic material, and said spacer having tangs passing through certain ci said openings and clinched upon saidplate.

versely o! said fer-rule intermediate the ends of the latter and forming a socket opening through one end of the ferrule, the walls of the ferrule having slots and the edges of said plate having tongues projecting through said slots and upset against the ierrule walls to rigidly secure the plate to the ferrule, a mass of plastic material in said socket, and bristles having their ends embedded in said plastic material, said plate having portions interlocking with said mass of plastic 10 material.

I'7. In a brush, a ferrule, a plate extending transversely of said ferrule intermediate the ends of the latter and forming a socket opening through one end of the ferrule, said plate having an undercut groove opening into said socket, a mass of -p1astic material in said socket and having a portion in said groove to interlock said mass with said plate, and bristles having their ends embedded in said mass of plastic material.

GEORGE N. JACOB, Jn. ERNEST B. WRIGHT, JR. 

